Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi KOH dan Suhu Alkalisasi pada Proses Ekstraksi Asam Humat Batubara Lignit

Palangiran, Celianti (2026) Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi KOH dan Suhu Alkalisasi pada Proses Ekstraksi Asam Humat Batubara Lignit. Bachelor thesis, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan.

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Abstract

Batubara lignit adalah jenis batubara peringkat rendah yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber asam humat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh variasi konsentrasi kalium hidroksida (KOH) dan suhu proses alkalisasi terhadap karakteristik asam humat yang dihasilkan dari ekstraksi batubara lignit. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan larutan KOH sebesar 2,4 M, 2,8 M, dan 3,2 M pada suhu 50°C, 60°C, serta 80°C, lalu dipresipitasi dengan HCl hingga mencapai pH 1–2. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan FTIR, UV-Vis (rasio E4/E6 ), dan BET. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen asam humat meningkat dari 2,66% pada konsentrasi KOH 2,4 M pada suhu 50°C menjadi 6,81% pada konsentrasi KOH 3,2 M pada suhu 80°C. Analisis FTIR mengindikasikan adanya gugus hidroksil (O–H), alifatik (C–H), aromatik (C=C), serta gugus beroksigen (C–O), yang masing-masing merupakan ciri khas asam humat. Hasil UV-Vis memperlihatkan penurunan rasio E4/E6 dari 5,17 menjadi 3,77 ketika suhu alkalisasi ditingkatkan, yang menunjukkan bertambahnya tingkat humifikasi, meningkatnya kondensasi struktur aromatik, serta bertambahnya kompleksitas molekul asam humat. Analisis BET pada sampel optimum menghasilkan luas permukaan pori sebesar 0,0522 m²/g, volume pori sebesar 0,00109 cm³/g, dan radius pori sebesar 54,37 nm. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, kondisi optimum dicapai pada konsentrasi KOH 3,2 M dan suhu alkalisasi 80 °C, yang memberikan yield tertinggi sekaligus karakteristik asam humat terbaik.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Subjects: T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Depositing User: Celianti Palangiran
Date Deposited: 17 Jul 2026 08:10
Last Modified: 17 Jul 2026 08:10
URI: http://repository.itk.ac.id/id/eprint/27738

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