Optimasi Penempatan Kapasitor Bank Untuk Mengurangi Distorsi Harmonisa Pada Sistem Distribusi Listrik Menggunakan Grey Wolf Algorithm

Septianto, Oik Rizki (2025) Optimasi Penempatan Kapasitor Bank Untuk Mengurangi Distorsi Harmonisa Pada Sistem Distribusi Listrik Menggunakan Grey Wolf Algorithm. Bachelor thesis, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan.

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Abstract

Kualitas daya listrik yang stabil dan efisien merupakan kebutuhan krusial dalam sistem distribusi, terutama dengan adanya beban non-linier yang menghasilkan harmonisa, meningkatkan rugi daya, menyebabkan distorsi tegangan, dan menurunkan efisiensi sistem. Kapasitor bank sering digunakan untuk meningkatkan faktor daya dan mengurangi dampak harmonisa, namun penempatan yang tidak optimal dapat memicu resonansi yang memperparah distorsi. Penelitian ini menerapkan Grey Wolf Algorithm (GWA) untuk mengoptimalkan penempatan dan kapasitas kapasitor bank pada sistem distribusi radial 12 bus di Gedung Laboratorium Terpadu 1 Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, bertujuan meminimalkan rugi daya, distorsi harmonisa, dan meningkatkan kualitas daya. Sistem ini memiliki studi kasus harmonisa tinggi dengan THDI awal 18.71%, THDV awal 6.181%, faktor daya awal 0.977, dan rugi daya aktif awal 0.152 kW (0.0001520 PU). GWA diimplementasikan dengan 100 serigala dan 200 iterasi, sementara analisis aliran daya menggunakan metode Backward Forward Sweep (BFS) dengan mempertimbangkan harmonisa orde ke-3, ke-5, dan ke-7. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan GWA berhasil menempatkan kapasitor bank pada Bus 2 (200 kVAR, 2 step), Bus 3 (100 kVAR, 1 step), Bus 5 (200 kVAR, 2 step), Bus 6 (300 kVAR, 3 step), dan Bus 7 (200 kVAR, 2 step), dengan total kapasitas 1000 kVAR (10 step). Optimasi ini mengurangi rugi daya aktif sebesar 4.41% menjadi 0.1453 kW (0.0001453 PU), THDV menjadi 1.517%, dan meningkatkan faktor daya menjadi 1.000 PU. Namun, THDI tetap 18.71%, melebihi batas IEEE 519-2014 (15%), menunjukkan perlunya filter harmonisa. Secara ekonomi, penghematan finansial mencapai Rp 88.002/tahun, tetapi dengan biaya investasi Rp 250.000.000, payback period mencapai 2841 tahun, menandakan perlunya strategi tambahan seperti filter harmonisa untuk meningkatkan kelayakan ekonomi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengelolaan daya optimal di sistem distribusi dengan harmonisa tinggi dan beban bervariatif. Kata kunci: Backward Forward Sweep, Grey Wolf Algorithm, Harmonisa, Kapasitor Bank, Kualitas Daya, Total Harmonic Distortion

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Jurusan Teknologi Industri dan Proses > Teknik Elektro
Depositing User: Oik Rizki Septianto
Date Deposited: 07 Jul 2025 01:53
Last Modified: 07 Jul 2025 01:53
URI: http://repository.itk.ac.id/id/eprint/22802

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