Pra Rancangan Pabrik Nitrobenzena dari Benzena dan Asam Nitrat dengan Proses Nitrasi

Indriyani, Dwi Eno and Al Kautsar, Fareidh Husein (2025) Pra Rancangan Pabrik Nitrobenzena dari Benzena dan Asam Nitrat dengan Proses Nitrasi. Bachelor thesis, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan.

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Abstract

Nitrobenzena merupakan salah satu senyawa organik esensial yang memiliki peranan penting dalam industri kimia, terutama sebagai bahan utama dalam pembuatan anilin. Selain sebagai bahan baku anilin, senyawa ini digunakan dalam pembuatan pelarut, pewarna, dan zat antara untuk sintesis farmasi seperti parasetamol. Pra rancangan ini bertujuan untuk merancang pabrik nitrobenzena dengan bahan baku utama berupa benzena yang direaksikan menggunakan campuran asam nitrat dan asam sulfat melalui proses nitrasi. Proses produksi terdiri dari sejumlah tahapan, termasuk persiapan bahan baku, sintesis, pemurnian, dan penyimpanan. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi selama 330 hari per tahun secara kontinu selama 24 jam per hari dalam tiga shift, dan akan mempekerjakan 52 orang tenaga kerja. Lokasi pabrik direncanakan di Kawasan Industri Tuban, Tuban, Jawa Timur, dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 16.000 ton per tahun, dengan luas lahan 50.000 m². Konsumsi utilitas mencakup kebutuhan listrik sebesar 97,996 kW/jam dan kebutuhan air sebesar 51831,65 kg/jam. Estimasi biaya modal menunjukkan kebutuhan modal tetap (Fixed Capital Investment/FCI) sebesar Rp 4.570.204.141.466,54, modal kerja (Working Capital Investment/WCI) sebesar Rp 806.506.617.029,10, sehingga total modal investasi (Total Capital Investment/TCI) mencapai Rp 5.376.710.758.495,64. Dari sisi kelayakan ekonomi, proyek ini menunjukkan indikator yang positif dengan nilai Discounted Cash Flow Rate (DCFR) sebesar 30,95%, Return on Investment (ROI) sebesar 75%, dan Break-Even Point (BEP) sebesar 70%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis teknis dan ekonomis tersebut, proyek pendirian pabrik nitrobenzena ini dinilai layak untuk dikaji lebih lanjut. Kata Kunci: Nitrobenzena, Benzena, Asam Nitrat, Proses Nitrasi, Industri Kimia

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Subjects: T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions: Jurusan Teknologi Industri dan Proses > Teknik Kimia
Depositing User: Fareidh Husein Al Kautsar
Date Deposited: 11 Jul 2025 02:46
Last Modified: 11 Jul 2025 02:46
URI: http://repository.itk.ac.id/id/eprint/24199

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