PENGARUH KONSENTRASI HNO3 PADA TAHAP PRETREATMENT TERHADAP HASIL EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISTIK ASAM HUMAT BATUBARA LIGNIT

Dzulfichar, Ageng (2026) PENGARUH KONSENTRASI HNO3 PADA TAHAP PRETREATMENT TERHADAP HASIL EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISTIK ASAM HUMAT BATUBARA LIGNIT. Bachelor thesis, institut teknologi kalimantan.

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Abstract

Batubara lignit merupakan batubara peringkat rendah yang memiliki kandungan gugus fungsi beroksigen cukup tinggi dan berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber asam humat. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan efektivitas ekstraksi asam humat adalah melalui tahap pretreatment menggunakan asam nitrat (HNO3) yang dapat mengoksidasi struktur lignit sehingga lebih reaktif dan mudah diekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi HNO3 pada tahap pretreatment terhadap yield dan karakteristik asam humat hasil ekstraksi batubara lignit. Variasi konsentrasi HNO3 yang digunakan yaitu tanpa pretreatment, 1 M, 3 M, dan 5 M. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan melalui pretreatment selama 24 jam, dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi basa menggunakan KOH 2,8 M pada suhu 60°C selama 2 jam, kemudian presipitasi menggunakan HCl hingga pH 1–2. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) dan Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi HNO3 meningkatkan yield asam humat yang diperoleh, dengan nilai tertinggi pada HNO₃ 5 M sebesar 23,35% dan terendah pada sampel tanpa pretreatment sebesar 3,37%. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan keberadaan gugus O–H, C–H, C=O, C=C, dan C–O pada seluruh sampel. Hasil BET menunjukkan peningkatan luas permukaan dan volume pori pada sampel HNO3 5 M dibandingkan tanpa pretreatment. Dengan demikian, pretreatment HNO3 terbukti meningkatkan efektivitas ekstraksi asam humat dari batubara lignit.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Subjects: T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
T Technology > TP Chemical technology
Divisions: Jurusan Ilmu Kebumian dan Lingkungan > Teknik Material dan Metalurgi
Depositing User: fikar Ageng Dzulfichar
Date Deposited: 17 Jul 2026 06:48
Last Modified: 17 Jul 2026 06:48
URI: http://repository.itk.ac.id/id/eprint/27698

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